The War of Return has just hit the bookstalls. Its authors, ex-Knesset member Einat Wilf and journalist Adi Schwartz, are blitzing Zoom with presentations of the main arguments in the book, which is now available in English translation.
The two authors show conclusively that the Palestinian objective—a “right of return” for Palestinian wartime refugees whose numbers inexorably rise at the start of each chapter—has not changed since 1948.
To further their objective, the Palestinian leadership is not using guns or tanks—all that has been tried and failed. It is to subvert the character of the Jewish state by overwhelming Israel with hordes of returning refugees.
The book shows how the West, whether by accident or by design, has fed this fantasy over the decades.
Article 11 of U.N. Resolution 194 of December 1948, often quoted as the legal basis for the “right of return,” was based on Bernadotte’s own plan to use the Arab-Israeli conflict as a means of asserting Western control. Thereafter Arab states managed to thwart every attempt to wind up the exclusively Palestinian United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA), with its ever-growing tally of registered Palestinian “refugees,” and eventually used it as breeding ground for terrorist violence. PLO chairman Yasser Arafat cruised through the Oslo years with a double discourse, paying lip service to recognition of Israel while never deviating from the ultimate, subversive goal of Palestinian return.
The Palestinian objective embodied in the “right of return” is not bound by time. The Arabs took centuries to dislodge the Crusaders from the Middle East. So will it be with the Zionists.
There is a precedent—the demand of 10 ethnic Germans to return to what is now Poland. But they never gained political support and were integrated into postwar Germany with full citizenship.
The Arab League is complicit with the Palestinian leadership, having never repealed the 1959 resolution 1457, banning refugees from enjoying citizenship in Arab host countries. However, the authors do acknowledge that Jordan, where 40 percent of Palestinian “refugees” reside, is the only country to grant them citizenship.
The “right of return” has been hiding in plain sight. But Western diplomats and media pundits have steadfastly refused to take it seriously. It is a political weapon, overriding a humanitarian solution for the refugees through rehabilitation or resettlement. In one startling example, Palestinians razed to the ground Musa Alami’s experimental farm near Jericho, designed to improve the lot of his refugee brethren.
Arab refugees from Palestine and Jewish refugees from Arab countries fleeing to Israel exchanged places in roughly equal numbers. Disappointingly, the book only makes two cursory mentions of the Jewish refugees, seemingly making more of Bhutanese refugees from Nepal. In fact, several schemes for the exchange of peoples and property were floated. Indeed, in July 1949, the Iraqi prime minister, Nuri al-Said, was first to suggest that more than 100,000 Iraqi Jews could be transferred to Israel in exchange for the same number of Palestinians. (Ultimately only 14,000 Palestinians arrived in Iraq.) There was also a plan for Israel to buy 100,000 dunams (24,711 acres) of land in Libya for resettling 17,000 Palestinian refugees. The authors only mention a similar plan for Gaza.
The omissions are surprising, given that the Jewish refugees were the subject of the translator Eylon Levy’s PhD thesis.
Adi Schwartz has also written extensively about the Jewish refugees, pointing out a “Marshall Plan for refugees” in the early fifties. American aid was to have been split evenly between Israel and the Arab states, with each side receiving $50 million to build infrastructure to absorb refugees. The money to resettle the Arab refugees was handed over to the United Nations, and the Americans gave Arab countries another $53 million for “technical cooperation.” In effect, the Arab side received double the money given to Israel even though Israel took in more refugees, including Jews from Arab countries.
It is likely that the authors did not want to deviate from a polemic designed to persuade the West—UNRWA’s main supporters—to dismantle this organization. But linkage with the Jewish refugees puts the flight of Palestinian refugees in context. They serve as a contemporary model for successful resettlement.
However, this book performs a useful service, by cutting through the thicket of false claims and misleading terminology surrounding the Arab-Israeli conflict. The War of Return casts the spotlight where it needs to be—on the underlying anti-Semitism driving Arab rejection of the existence of Israel.