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September 1, 1939: Nazi Germany Invades Poland, Starting World War II

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On Sept. 1, 1939, Nazi Germany invaded Poland, the act that started World War II. The day before, Nazi operatives had posed as Polish military officers to stage an attack on the radio station in...

August 29, 1865: Robert Remak, the first Jewish university professor (1847) in Poland, died

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Robert Remak, the first Jewish university professor (1847) in Poland, died on this date in 1865. Remak was a doctor of neurology who made important discoveries about nerve fibers and named the ectoderm, mesoderm,...

August 27, 1890: Man Ray, American photographer and painter, was born

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Man Ray, original name Emmanuel Radnitzky, (born August 27, 1890, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S.—died November 18, 1976, Paris, France), photographer, painter, and filmmaker who was the only American to play a major role in both the Dada and Surrealist movements. The son of Jewish immigrants—his father...

August 26, 1920: Women’s Suffrage

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American women at last won the right to vote when the 19th Amendment to the Constitution was adopted on this date in 1920. Among the Jewish women involved in the suffrage movement were Gertrude Weil,...

August 25, 1944: Paris is liberated after four years of Nazi occupation

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After more than four years of Nazi occupation, Paris is liberated by the French 2nd Armored Division and the U.S. 4th Infantry Division. German resistance was light, and General Dietrich von Choltitz, commander of...

August 22, 1609: Rabbi Judah Loew ben Bezalel, known as the “Maharal” of Prague,...

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Rabbi Judah Loew ben Bezalel, known as the “Maharal” of Prague, died on this date in 1609. Legend and literature credit him with constructing and animating the Golem in order to protect and serve...

August 21: International Day of Remembrance and Tribute to the Victims of Terrorism

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“I ask that we all reflect on the lives that have been changed forever as a result of terrorism. Let us commit to showing victims that they are not alone, and that the international...

August 20, 1915: Paul Ehrlich, who cured syphilis and fathered the fields of chemotherapy...

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Paul Ehrlich, who cured syphilis and fathered the fields of chemotherapy and hematology, died in Germany on this date in 1915. His first major accomplishment, while recuperating from tuberculosis in Egypt, was the development...

August 19, 1882: Samuel Goldwyn, one of the earliest and best-known film producers in...

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Samuel Goldwyn (Shmul Gelbfisz), one of the earliest and best-known film producers in American history, was born in Warsaw on this date in 1882 (his birthdate is variously cited as August 27 and even...

August 16, 1896: Wanda Landowska, who almost singlehandedly revived the harpsichord in the early...

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Wanda Landowska, who almost singlehandedly revived the harpsichord in the early 20th century, died on this date in 1959. Warsaw-born, she was a child prodigy on piano and began winning prizes in Poland and Germany...